The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare reported that just 727,277 babies were born last year, with the fertility rate decreasing to 1.2. To maintain a stable population, a fertility rate of 2.1 is necessary.
“Karoshi” is a Japanese term describing work-related stress, disability, or even death, which is now contributing to the country’s declining birth rates.
Starting in April next year, Japan will adopt a four-day work week. This initiative aims to improve work-life balance while also tackling the issue of decreasing birth rates.
Additionally, a new policy will permit parents of elementary school children to reduce their work hours with corresponding salary adjustments.
Japan’s fertility rate hit a record low in June after years of decline, despite government efforts to encourage young people to marry and start families.
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare reported that only 727,277 babies were born last year, with the fertility rate dropping to 1.2. To maintain a stable population, a fertility rate of 2.1 is required. This alarming decline is projected to reduce the population from 128 million in 2008 to an estimated 86.7 million by 2060.
“We are committed to revising work styles with greater flexibility so that no one has to abandon their career due to life events like childbirth or childcare. Now is the moment for Tokyo to lead in safeguarding and enhancing the lives, livelihoods, and economy of our people amid these challenging times for the nation,” stated Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike during a policy address on Wednesday.
Sociologists identify Japan’s demanding work culture and high living costs as significant contributors to declining birth rates.
According to a World Bank report, there is a substantial gender gap in the country’s labor force participation, with women at 55% and men at 72%. Women, in particular, often have to choose between their professional and personal lives.
Research indicates that a four-day workweek enhances well-being and productivity. This shift is also gaining interest in Western countries. The nonprofit organization 4 Day work Week Global has conducted international trials and reported positive outcomes.
However, Tokyo is not the only Asian city adopting policies to boost birth rates. Singapore has also introduced new guidelines aimed at promoting a flexible work environment. Meanwhile, South Korea has been grappling with low birth rates and a significant gender divide. In response, some South Korean women have embraced the 4B movement, or “four nos,” which involves rejecting dating, marriage, sexual relations, and having children with men.
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